The advent of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) genome
editing, coupled with advances in computing and imaging capabilities, has initiated a new …

In vivo gene editing therapies offer the potential to treat the root causes of many genetic
diseases. Realizing the promise of therapeutic in vivo gene editing requires the ability to …

CRISPR–Cas systems provide resistance against foreign mobile genetic elements and have
a wide range of genome editing and biotechnological applications. In this Review, we …

Despite the availability of Cas9 variants with varied protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM)
compatibilities, some genomic loci—especially those with pyrimidine-rich PAM sequences …

A series of spectacular scientific discoveries and technological advances in the second half
of the 20th century have provided the basis for the ongoing genome editing revolution. The …

Unlike CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases, which yield DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), Cas9
nickases (nCas9s), which are created by replacing key catalytic amino-acid residues in one …

Methods for in vitro DNA cleavage and molecular cloning remain unable to precisely cleave
DNA directly adjacent to bases of interest. Restriction enzymes (REs) must bind specific …

CRISPR systems mediate adaptive immunity in bacteria and archaea through diverse
effector mechanisms and have been repurposed for versatile applications in therapeutics …

The small size of the Cas nuclease fused with various effector domains enables a broad
range of function. Although there are several ways of reducing the size of the Cas nuclease …

The steady progress in genome editing, especially genome editing based on the use of
clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and programmable …