For the past two decades, the function of intrabony nerves on bone has been a subject of
intense research, while the function of bone on intrabony nerves is still hidden in the corner …

Bone tissue engineering is becoming an ideal strategy to replace autologous bone grafts for
surgical bone repair, but the multihierarchical complexity of natural bone is still difficult to …

Neural‐vascular networks are densely distributed through periosteum, cortical bone, and
cancellous bone, which is of great significance for bone regeneration and remodeling …

The skeleton is a highly innervated organ in which nerve fibers interact with various skeletal
cells. Peripheral nerve endings release neurogenic factors and sense skeletal signals …

The neuronal engagement of the peripheral nerve system plays a crucial role in regulating
fracture healing, but how to modulate the neuronal activity to enhance fracture healing …

The brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a crucial neuromodulator in pain
transmission both in peripheral and central nervous system (CNS). Despite evidence of a …

Skeletal muscle is capable of secreting different factors in order to communicate with other
tissues. These mediators, the myokines, show potentially far-reaching effects on non-muscle …

Crosstalk between nerves and bone is essential for bone repair, for which Schwann cells
(SCs) are crucial in the regulation of the microenvironment. Considering that exosomes are …

Although great progress has been made in engineered bone tissues, delayed or ineffective
bone regeneration remains an issue due to the lack of neural network reconstruction in their …

The field of research on pain originating from various bone diseases is expanding rapidly,
with new mechanisms and targets asserting both peripheral and central sites of action. The …