In recent years, accumulating evidence has elucidated the role of lysosomes in dynamically
regulating cellular and organismal homeostasis. Lysosomal changes and dysfunction have …

Highlights•The MHCII antigen presentation pathway has unique features in B cells.•The
MHCII antigen presentation pathway is regulated differently in different B cell subsets.•B cell …

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EV) of endosomal origin (multivesicular bodies, MVB)
constitutively released by many different eukaryotic cells by fusion of MVB to the plasma …

T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) stimulation by antigen presented on an
antigen-presenting cell (APC) induces the formation of the immune synapse (IS), the …

Cell homeostasis is maintained in all organisms by the constant adjustment of cell
constituents and organisation to account for environmental context. Fine-tuning of the …

A review of our current knowledge of B cell antigen uptake mechanisms, the relevance of
these processes to pathology, and outstanding questions in the field. Specific antigens …

The organization of microtubule arrays in immune cells is critically important for a properly
operating immune system. Leukocytes are white blood cells of hematopoietic origin, which …

Components of the intraflagellar transport (IFT) system that regulates the assembly of the
primary cilium are co-opted by the non-ciliated T cell to orchestrate polarized endosome …

Interactions among immune cells are essential for the development of adaptive immune
responses. The immunological synapse (IS) provides a specialized platform for integration …

B cell adapter for PI 3-kinase (BCAP) is an adaptor molecule associated with signaling
through multiple immune receptors, including the B cell receptor (BCR). However, B cell …