Adenosine is an evolutionary ancient metabolic regulator linking energy state to physiologic
processes, including immunomodulation and cell proliferation. Tumors create an adenosine …

The focus of this review is the human de novo purine biosynthetic pathway. The pathway
enzymes are enumerated, as well as the reactions they catalyze and their physical …

Virus-infected cells and cancers share metabolic commonalities that stem from their
insatiable need to replicate while evading the host immune system. These similarities …

Adenosine, acting both through G-protein coupled adenosine receptors and intracellularly,
plays a complex role in multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes by …

Background In the era of immunotherapy, predictive or prognostic biomarkers for head and
neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are urgently needed. Metabolic reprogramming in …

Adenosine deaminase is a critical enzyme in purine metabolism that regulates intra and
extracellular adenosine concentrations by converting it to inosine. Adenosine is an important …

Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a critical, rate-limiting enzyme that controls the last two
steps of purine catabolism by converting hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid …

There is a wide variety of autoimmune diseases (ADs) with complex pathogenesis and their
accurate diagnosis is difficult to achieve because of their vague symptoms. Metabolomics …

Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous toxic heavy metal of major public concern. Despite inefficient
placental transfer, maternal Cd exposure impairs fetal growth and development. Increasing …

Here, we developed N2 and O2 plasma-treated carbon-fiber microelectrodes (CFME) for
improved purine detection with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). Plasma treatment …