BACKGROUND Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation of the male external
genitalia. Most cases have an unknown aetiology, which is probably a mix of monogenic …

This review evaluates current knowledge related to trends in the prevalence of hypospadias,
the association of hypospadias with endocrine‐disrupting exposures, and the potential …

Background Hypospadias is a common male birth defect that has shown widespread
variation in reported prevalence estimates. Many countries have reported increasing trends …

BACKGROUND Over the past decades, an increasing trend in male external genital
malformations such as cryptorchidism and hypospadias has led to the suspicion that …

BACKGROUND Prenatal exposures to endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are
suspected risk factors in the etiology of hypospadias. The aim of this case‐control study was …

Exposure to endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been suggested to contribute to
the increasing trends of external genital malformation in male newborns. In Northeastern …

Hypospadias is the most common congenital malformation of the male external genitalia.
After the heart and circulatory system, it is the second most common developmental disorder …

Monitoring newborns for adverse outcomes like stillbirth and major congenital anomalies
(MCA) is being carried out in government hospitals since 1995 in and around high-level …

Background Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and small for gestational age (SGA) birth
have been considered possible indicators of the presence of malformations. The aim of this …

The neonate born small for gestational age (SGA, birth weight< 10th centile) with severe
hypospadias, and without the presence of other malformations, is a presentation which …