Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful, multifunctional imaging platform that allows
biological samples, from single molecules to living cells, to be visualized and manipulated …

Structural biology is currently undergoing a transformation into dynamic structural biology,
which reveals the dynamic structure of proteins during their functional activity to better …

Understanding structural dynamics of biomolecules at the single-molecule level is vital to
advancing our knowledge of molecular mechanisms. Currently, there are few techniques …

T-cells detect with their T-cell antigen receptors (TCRs) the presence of rare agonist
peptide/MHC complexes (pMHCs) on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs). How …

IgG antibodies play a central role in protection against pathogens by their ability to alert and
activate the innate immune system. Here, we show that IgGs assemble into oligomers on …

Channel geometry governs the unitary osmotic water channel permeability, pf, according to
classical hydrodynamics. Yet, pf varies by several orders of magnitude for membrane …

Water at interfaces governs many processes on the molecular scale from electrochemical
and enzymatic reactions to protein folding. Here we focus on water transport through …

The nanoscale determination of the mechanical properties of interfaces is of paramount
relevance in materials science and cell biology. Bimodal atomic force microscopy (AFM) is …

Direct visualization of pathways followed by single molecules while they spontaneously self-
assemble into supramolecular biological machines may provide fundamental knowledge to …

The water permeability of aquaporins (AQPs) varies by more than an order of magnitude
even though the pore structure, geometry, as well as the channel lining residues are highly …