Minerals are widely assumed to protect organic matter (OM) from degradation in the
environment, promoting the persistence of carbon in soil and sediments. In this Review, we …

There is a growing concern about climate change, and soils have attracted significant
research attention as a sink for atmospheric CO 2. Mechanisms of soil organic carbon (SOC) …

Plant roots serve a multitude of functions in the plant including anchorage, provision of
nutrients and water, and production of exudates with growth regulatory properties. The root …

Naturally occurring manganese (Mn (III/IV)) oxides are ubiquitous in a wide range of
environmental settings and play a key role in numerous biogeochemical cycles. In addition …

It is well known that soil organisms, particularly microbiota, play an essential role in the
cycling of elements and stabilization of soil structure (1, 2). The mineralization of organic …

Soil chemists have long-recognized that knowledge of the elemental composition of soils is
generally of little use in assessing the availability of these elements to plants. An obvious …

The rhizosphere is defined here as that volume of soil affected by the presence of the roots
of growing plants. The overall change may be deemed biological, but chemical, biological …

The ultrafast dynamics of photoexcited electrons in the semiconductor iron oxides, γ-Fe2O3
and α-Fe2O3, have been measured using femtosecond laser spectroscopy. Transmission …

Livestock wastes are potential sources of endocrine disrupting compounds to the
environment. Steroidal estrogen hormones such as estradiol, estrone, and estriol are a …

In the rhizosphere, exudates from plants and microorganisms as well as stable soil organic
matter influence processes that can control plant growth, microbial infections, and nutrient …