Neuromodulators including acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine and a range
of peptides alter the processing characteristics of cortical networks through effects on …

Research is reviewed concerning the age-related learning deficit observed in a 14-unit T-
maze (Stone maze). Rats and mice of several strains representing different adult age groups …

Objective: Alternate day fasting may extend lifespan in rodents and is feasible for short
periods in nonobese humans. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of 3 weeks of …

Females and males typically play different roles in survival of the species and would be
expected to respond differently to food scarcity or excess. To elucidate the physiological …

High central nervous system levels of acetylcholine (ACh) are commonly regarded as crucial
for learning and memory, and a decline in cholinergic neurotransmission is associated with …

The effect of scopolamine on visual recognition memory in rhesus monkeys was assessed
with a delayed nonmatching-to-sample task employing trial-unique stimuli. During the …

Rationale The nitric oxide (NO)–cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signal
transduction pathway has been implicated in some forms of learning and memory. Recent …

Rhesus monkeys (6) were trained on a test battery including cognitive tests adapted from a
human neuropsychological assessment battery (CANTAB; CeNeS, Cambridge, UK) as well …

We examined whether treatment with sildenafil citrate (the active compound of Viagra), a
cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5), would reverse the learning …

The Stone maze paradigm has been developed for use as a rat model of memory
impairment observed in normal aging and in Alzheimer's disease. Results from several …