This article reviews the effects of changing the background context on performance in
associative learning tasks in humans and animals. The findings are complementary and …

Although contexts play many roles during training and also during testing, over the last four
decades theories of learning have predominantly focused on one or the other of the two …

Previous research has suggested that changing the context after instrumental (operant)
conditioning can weaken the strength of the operant response. That result contrasts with the …

Pavlovian phenomena have long served as models for the etiology, treatment, and relapse
from treatment of diverse disorders (eg, phobias, addictions). Here we briefly review …

Background and objectives Research has demonstrated that after exposure treatment, re-
exposure to a previously feared stimulus outside of the treatment context can result in …

In two predictive-learning experiments, we investigated the role of the informational value of
contexts for the formation of context-dependent behavior. During Phase 1 of each …

Two experiments determined the effect of interference training on subsequent spatial
learning in a Morris water maze. Rats first learned that a platform was located in a quadrant …

Most studies of operant relapse phenomena have studied the role of exteroceptive
discriminative features of context in the recovery of behavior after extinction. Interoceptive …

In a human predictive learning experiment, the strengths of ABA, ABC, and AAB recovery
effects after discrimination reversal learning were compared. Initially, a discrimination …

Four experiments explored the role of contexts in information retrieval after different levels of
acquisition training in human predictive learning. Participants were trained where cue (X) …