As a typical discontinuous medium, the boulder-cobble mixed strata (BCMS) are often faced
with the problems of easy collapse and difficult to effectively support in the construction of …

Natural soils exhibit spatially non-uniform properties, bringing some uncertainties on the
evaluation of tunnel stability. This study therefore investigates the face instability and in …

The relative density and the fill height of granular materials influence the arching effect
significantly, from either the overall behavior of granular materials or the formation of the …

Granular materials used in engineering structures tend to experience arching under different
geotechnical factors. Arching is a factor of load transfer from the destroyed zone to stable …

In this study, an approach to estimate three-dimensional ground displacements induced by
shield tunneling is proposed by using the superposition method, advocating consideration of …

The paper conducts a physical model test to study the deformation mechanism of twin
tunnels excavated in deep-buried inclined thin-layered rock strata. During the excavation …

Accurately evaluating and predicting the ground settlement during tunnel excavation are
crucial for ensuring the stability of tunnel structures. However, the traditional methods always …

Many methods have been proposed to predict ground deformation caused by shield
tunneling, but few of them provide real-time prediction because the required input …

Recent rapid urbanization has led to an increase in tunnel construction, escalating the
prevalence of ground collapses. Ground collapses, characterized by large deformation and …

Collapse is a severe event during metro tunnel construction, particularly in soil-sand-rock
composite strata. Variations in the thickness of sand layers, owing to their high …