The high content of natural organic matter (NOM) is one of the challenging characteristics of
peat water. It is also highly contaminated and contributes to some water-borne diseases …

Silica material has limited hydrostability when it is produced as a thin film. In order to
mitigate this restriction a modification strategy is needed. This article provides details of …

This study aims to analyse the morphological structure of organo-silica membranes and
investigate their use and performance in a hybrid photocatalytic–pervaporation process for …

Hydrogels is a unique material that affordable to apply as a membranes layer. In tropical
country, such as Indonesia there is easily found water hyacinth (a weed plant) which is …

Lack of clean water lately becomes a major concern in South Kalimantan-Indonesia.
Seawater has potential to fulfill water needs. However, it has a high salt content of 35 gL-1 …

The sol gel process is one of the processes used in the manufacture of thin films on
membranes because it can control the pore size in the resulting silica matrix. In addition …

In the present day, the industry is growing rapidly. Every process in the industries brings out
pollution. Heavy metals, especially iron ions have contaminated water resources due to …

Tetraethyl orthosilicate-methytriethoxysilane (TEOS-MTES) was successfully fabricated in
this work to be applied in desalination. The aim of this work is to investigate xerogel …

The clean water crisis is increasing along with the increasing human population. Sea water
is one of the largest water sources that can be utilized on the earth. However, the high salt …

Currently, xerogel has been applied as a filtration material, especially in membrane
desalination. However, the xerogel matrix structure for desalination have to be designed …