Orally administered proteins induce systemic hyporesponsiveness to the fed protein. The
mechanism underlying such 'oral tolerance'depends on the amount of antigen fed. with …

The concept of immunologically mediated tolerance to food antigens through exposure to
mucosal antigen has been the subject of continuous scientific debate. After a decline in …

Transgenic potatoes were engineered to synthesize a cholera toxin B subunit (CTB)
pentamer with affinity for GM1-ganglioside. Both serum and intestinal CTB-specific …

After De's pivotal demonstration in 1959 of a diarrhoeogenic exo-enterotoxin in cell-free
culture filtrates from Vibrio cholerae (of classical biotype), much insight has been gained …

The mechanisms by which gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) maintains a balance
between oral tolerance and active immune response in the face of exposure to high antigen …

While 15 million deaths per year are caused by communicable pathogens worldwide, health
care authorities emphasize the considerable impact of poverty on the incidence of infectious …

Oral administration of disease-specific autoantigens can prevent or delay the onset of
autoimmune disease symptoms. We have generated transgenic potato plants that …

Lettuce and tobacco chloroplast transgenic lines expressing the cholera toxin B subunit–
human proinsulin (CTB‐Pins) fusion protein were generated. CTB‐Pins accumulated up to …

Direct inoculation of DNA, in the form of purified bacterial plasmids that are unable to
replicate in mammalian cells but are able to direct cell synthesis of foreign proteins, is being …

For a long time, vaccines have been the main mode of defense and protection against
several bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases. However, the process of production and …