The study of plant mitochondria started in earnest around 1950 with the first isolations of
mitochondria from animal and plant tissues. The first 35 years were spent establishing the …

Glycolysis has long been considered as the major metabolic process for energy production
and anabolic growth in cancer cells. Although such a view has been instrumental for the …

As a ROS scavenger, resveratrol exerts a neuroprotective effect by polarizing the M1
microglia to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype for ischemic stroke treatment. However, the …

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can damage the gastrointestinal tract,
causing widespread morbidity and mortality. Although mechanisms of damage involve the …

Background Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that is regulated by the Bcl-2
family and caspase family of proteins. The caspase cascade responsible for executing cell …

REVIEW A variety of key events in apoptosis focus on mitochondria, including the release of
caspase activators (such as cytochrome c), changes in electron transport, loss of …

Mitochondria play key roles in activating apoptosis in mammalian cells. Bcl-2 family
members regulate the release of proteins from the space between the mitochondrial inner …

Irrespective of the morphological features of end-stage cell death (that may be apoptotic,
necrotic, autophagic, or mitotic), mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP) is …

Mitochondria play a key part in the regulation of apoptosis (cell death),. Their intermembrane
space contains several proteins that are liberated through the outer membrane in order to …

This review is directed at understanding how neuronal death occurs in two distinct insults,
global ischemia and focal ischemia. These are the two principal rodent models for human …