Bone remodeling is a continuous process that maintains the homeostasis of the skeletal
system, and it depends on the homeostasis between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone …

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on the role and regulation of chondrocyte terminal
differentiation (hypertrophy-like changes) in osteoarthritis (OA) and to integrate this in a …

Articular cartilage is a load‐bearing tissue playing a crucial mechanical role in diarthrodial
joints, facilitating joint articulation, and minimizing wear. The significance of biomechanical …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is important in the
regulation of joint homeostasis and disease. TGFβ signalling is induced by loading and has …

Articular cartilage shows limited self-healing ability owing to its low cellularity and
avascularity. Untreated cartilage defects display an increased propensity to degenerate …

The development of regenerative therapies for cartilage injury has been greatly aided by
recent advances in stem cell biology. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the …

The regeneration of complex tissues and organs remains a major clinical challenge. With a
view towards bioprinting such tissues, we developed a new class of pore-forming bioink to …

Chondrocyte hypertrophy is one of the key physiological processes involved in the
longitudinal growth of long bones, yet regulation of hypertrophy is becoming increasingly …

In adult healthy cartilage, chondrocytes are in a quiescent phase characterized by a fine
balance between anabolic and catabolic activities. In ageing, degenerative joint diseases …

Due to a blood supply shortage, articular cartilage has a limited capacity for self-healing
once damaged. Articular chondrocytes, cartilage progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells, and …