Immune checkpoint molecules, like CTLA-4, TIM-3, PD-1, are negative regulators of immune
responses to avoid immune injury. Checkpoint regulators are thought to actively participate …

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) haploinsufficiency (CHAI) and
lipopolysaccharide-responsive beige-like anchor (LRBA) deficiency (LATAIE) are newly …

The rate of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing over the last
decade and this increase has occurred most rapidly in the youngest children diagnosed< 6 …

Loss of NBEAL2 function leads to grey platelet syndrome (GPS), a bleeding disorder
characterized by macro-thrombocytopenia and α-granule-deficient platelets. A proportion of …

Background Recently, a series of clinical trials showed that combination of anti-programmed
cell death-1 (α-PD-1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (α-CTLA-4) could …

During the last years, studies investigating the intriguing association between
immunodeficiency and autoimmunity led to the discovery of new monogenic disorders, the …

The autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is a non-malignant and non-
infectious uncontrolled proliferation of lymphocytes accompanied by autoimmune cytopenia …

Microwave ablation (MWA) has been widely used in the treatment of solid tumors. Studies
have been less conducted on the efficacy of MWA used with cell immunotherapy in treating …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the lack of clinically significant
levels of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth …

As co-stimulatory receptors, immune checkpoint molecules are found on the surface of
various immune cells and transduce inhibitory signals following ligand binding. The most …