Climate change is fundamentally altering marine and coastal ecosystems on a global scale.
While the effects of ocean warming and acidification on ecology and ecosystem functions …

Key message This review gives a comprehensive overview of adaptations of mangrove root
system to the adverse environmental conditions and summarizes the ecological importance …

Production of food, fodder and plant vegetation declined rapidly around the world due to
climate change, increase in saline areas and loss of productive lands. A major challenge of …

Mangroves are halophytic plants belonging to diverse angiosperm families that are adapted
to highly stressful intertidal zones between land and sea. They are special, unique, and one …

Colombia has approximately 379,954 hectares of mangrove forests distributed along the
Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea coasts. Such forests are experiencing the highest …

Heavy metals are among the major pollutants from anthropogenic inputs that reach
mangrove ecosystem by urban and agricultural runoff, industrial effluents, boating, mining …

Mangroves are unique, highly productive forests that interface between marine and
terrestrial environments in protected and sheltered habitats of tropical and temperate …

Scientists have discussed the halophytic nature of intertidal plants for decades, and have
generally suggested that inherent differentiation of an obligate halophyte from a facultative …

This review summarizes the research on physiological responses to flooding of trees in the
seasonal black-water wetland of the Mapire River in Venezuela. Inter-annual variability was …

Mangrove ecosystems are recognised as one of the nature-based solutions to a changing
climate. Notwithstanding the socio-ecological benefits of mangrove ecosystems, they are …