Background Household chaos, represented by the level of disorganisation or environmental
confusion in the home, has been associated with a range of adverse child and family …

Childhood multiple risk factor exposure exceeds the adverse developmental impacts of
singular exposures. Multiple risk factor exposure may also explain why sociodemographic …

Behavioral regulation is an important school readiness skill that has been linked to early
executive function (EF) and later success in learning and school achievement. Although …

Genes account for between approximately 50% and 70% of the variation in cognition at the
population level. However, population-level estimates of heritability potentially mask marked …

The literature on social class disparities in health and education contains 2 underlying, yet
often opposed, models of behavior: the individual model and the structural model. These …

Studies have shown that distal family risk factors like poverty and maternal education are
strongly related to children's early language development. Yet, few studies have examined …

The longitudinal rank-order stability of cognitive ability increases dramatically over the life
span. Theoretical perspectives differ in their emphasis on genetic mechanisms in explaining …

Cognitive abilities, including general intelligence and domain-specific abilities such as fluid
reasoning, comprehension knowledge, working memory capacity, and processing speed …

Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with executive function (EF) and prefrontal cortex
(PFC) development. However, understanding of the specific aspects of SES that influence …

The current study examines whether associations exist between household chaos and
children's early reading skills, after controlling for a comprehensive battery of home literacy …