Objective: To quantify benefit and harm of epidural analgesia, compared with systemic
opioid analgesia, in adults having surgery under general anesthesia. Background: It …

Approximately 18% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery experience AKI (on the basis of
modern standardized definitions of AKI), and approximately 2%–6% will require …

Objective To review the impact of epidural vs systemic analgesia on postoperative
pulmonary complications. Data Sources Search of databases (1966 to March 2006) and …

Post-operative cognitive complications such as delirium have been consistently associated
with poor short and long term outcomes, and the role of anesthesia, particularly the role of …

Objective: Continuous thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is compared with erector spinae
plane (ESP) block for the perioperative pain management in patients undergoing cardiac …

Background Persistent chest pain may originate from cardiac surgery. Conflicting results
have been reported on the incidence of persistent poststernotomy pain with considerable …

Over the past two decades there has been a steady evolution in the practice of adult cardiac
surgery with the introduction of “off-pump” surgery. However, respiratory complications …

Background Perioperative central neuraxial analgesia may improve outcome after coronary
artery bypass surgery due to attenuation of stress response and superior analgesia …

POORLY CONTROLLED PAIN is associated with sympa-thetic nervous system activation
and an increased hormonal stress response. This response may contribute to multiple …

Background A combination of general anesthesia (GA) with thoracic epidural anesthesia
(TEA) may have a beneficial effect on clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery. We have …