Microglia, the immunocompetent cells of the central nervous system (CNS), act as
neuropathology sensors and are neuroprotective under physiological conditions. Microglia …

Neuroinflammation was initially thought of as a consequence of neurodegenerative disease
pathology, but more recently it is becoming clear that it plays a significant role in the …

The adenosine modulation system mostly operates through inhibitory A1 (A1R) and
facilitatory A2A receptors (A2AR) in the brain. The activity‐dependent release of adenosine …

Neuroinflammation is central to the common pathology of several acute and chronic brain
diseases. This review examines the consequences of excessive and prolonged …

Microglia, the major myeloid cells of the central nervous system (CNS) are implicated in
physiologic processes and in the pathogenesis of several CNS disorders. Since their initial …

Medicinal chemical approaches have been applied to all four of the adenosine receptor
(AR) subtypes (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3) to create selective agonists and antagonists for each …

Since the initial cloning of fractalkine/CX3CL1, it was proposed that the only known member
of the CX3C or δ subfamily of chemotactic cytokines could play some significant role in the …

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and age-
related macular degeneration (AMD), share two characteristics in common:(1) a disease …

Chemokines–chemotactic cytokines–are small secreted proteins that attract and activate
immune and non-immune cells in vitro and in vivo. It has been suggested that chemokines …

Microglia, the brain's resident macrophages, actively contribute to the homeostasis of
cerebral parenchyma by sensing neuronal activity and supporting synaptic remodeling and …