Myrcene (β-myrcene) is an abundant monoterpene which occurs as a major constituent in
many plant species, including hops and cannabis. It is a popular flavouring and aroma agent …

Hops are the most complex and costly raw material used in brewing. Their chemical
composition depends on genetically controlled factors that essentially distinguish hop …

Flowers of the hop plant provide both bitterness and “hoppy” flavor to beer. Hops are,
however, both a water and energy intensive crop and vary considerably in essential oil …

Beer production includes the formation of different by-products such as wastewater, spent
grains, spent hops, and yeast. In addition to these well-known by-products, it is necessary to …

Recently, the increase in microbreweries and the consequent production of craft beers have
reached exponential growth. The interest in non-conventional yeasts for innovation and a …

Hops in the brewing process are important for the chemical and sensorial quality of beer.
Hops give to the beer bitterness (due to the presence of humulones and lupulones), natural …

Hop cones (Humulus lupulus L.), or more specifically the lupulin glands, hold the reason for
the specific, pleasant aroma of hops–its essential oil. The hops themselves, or the extracted …

Hop-derived aroma characteristics in beer are very important for the quality of beer. This
study compared the differences of hop aroma characteristics and the compounds contained …

The torrefaction process upgrades biomass characteristics and produces solid biofuels that
are coal-like in their properties. Kinetics analysis is important for the determination of the …

Hops are a key ingredient to add bitterness, aroma and flavour to beer, one of the most
consumed beverages worldwide. Essential oils from different hop varieties are characterised …