The presence, magnitude, and significance of sex differences in the human brain are hotly
debated topics in the scientific community and popular media. This debate is largely fueled …

Despite a long history of study, consensus on a human-typical mating system remains
elusive. While a simple classification would be useful for cross-species comparisons, across …

The evolution of social monogamy has intrigued biologists for over a century. Here, we show
that the ancestral condition for all mammalian groups is of solitary individuals and that social …

Human height is a highly variable trait, both within and between populations, has a high
heritability, and influences the manner in which people behave and are treated in society …

Highlights•Sexual selection has been stronger in humans than is often assumed.•Ancestral
men competed primarily through force and threat of force.•Ancestral women competed …

Existing approaches within leadership studies often share a bias towards industrialized
societies and lack broader cross-cultural and ethological reference. Meanwhile, cross …

We propose a practical concept that distinguishes the particular kind of weaponry that has
evolved to be used in combat between individuals of the same species and sex, which we …

We set out an account of how self-domestication plays a crucial role in the evolution of
language. In doing so, we focus on the growing body of work that treats language structure …

Intergroup conflict is a major evolutionary force shaping animal and human societies. Males
and females should, on average, experience different costs and benefits for participating in …

Aggression is a key component for social behaviour and can have an adaptive value or
deleterious consequences. Here, we review the role of sex-related differences in aggressive …