Effluent discharge mixing and dispersion have been studied for many decades. Studies
began with experimental investigations of geometrical and concentration characteristics of …

Estimating the concentration field of effluent mixing and transport is a challenging task
because of the complex mechanisms and three‐dimensional (3D) variability, but it is of great …

Liquid waste discharged from industrial outfalls is categorized into two major classes based
on their density. One type is the effluent that has a higher density than that of the ambient …

The effects of the free surface on the behavior of inclined dense jets in shallow ambient were
investigated in detail. The hybrid turbulence model scale-adaptive simulation (SAS) …

The optimal design of pipe outlets is an essential objective for many engineering projects.
For the first time, this paper reports the results of a laboratory investigation on the effect of …

Diffusers are widely-used to quickly dilute effluents in receiving water bodies. This study
proposed a novel diffuser that pre-mixes effluent with ambient water before discharging and …

In this study, the problem of brine discharge into sea is studied numerically. A 3D model for
the heat and brine dispersion in the vicinity of discharge and intake ports is developed using …

A number of sea water desalination technologies have been developed during the last
several decades. Although these techniques are promising options for freshwater …

Artificial downwelling potentially counteracts severe eutrophication and hypoxia in coastal
regions. The entrainment that commonly occurs in the downwelling-induced plume can …

In this paper the turbulent reversible thermal-saline buoyant jets discharged upwards at
angles 30 0, 45 0 and 60 0, into a stagnant ambient are experimentally studied. In all cases …