Falsified medicines affect public health all around the globe. Complex distribution routes,
illegal online webshops and reuse of packaging materials make them hard to detect. In …

Background Surgical Patients and hospitals are now facing financial strain due to direct
anesthetic demand as a result of the development of new anesthetic drugs, equipment, and …

This study aims to visualise the prioritisation and interactions of ecologically responsible
goods in the pharmaceutical industry between obstacles and enablers to green …

Introduction Prevalence rates for diabetes mellitus continue to rise, which, coupled with
increasing costs of complications, has appreciably increased expenditure in recent years …

The agriculture and food (agrifood) sectors play key roles in the emergence, spread, and
containment of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Pakistan's first National Action Plan (NAP) on …

Objectives: Due to the absence of necessary rules, poor coordination, and various
challenges, the pharmacovigilance system of Pakistan is not optimally functional at all levels …

Introduction Access to essential medicines (EMs) is a basic human right. Non-availability
and shortages of EMs are reported for Pakistan but there is insufficient data to define the …

Background The pharmaceutical sector in Pakistan has grown over a period with export
potential, however, there are certain barriers in the framework that regulate the growth and …

Background Smuggling health goods given the importance and critical nature of health
services should be undeniably addressed and controlled by all countries. This issue is …

Background: Substandard and falsified (SF) medical products are removed from circulation
through a process called 'product recall'by medicines regulatory agencies. In Zambia, the …