Background The second consensus criteria for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy
(MSA) are widely recognized as the reference standard for clinical research, but lack …

Synucleinopathies are clinically and pathologically heterogeneous disorders characterized
by pathologic aggregates of α-synuclein in neurons and glia, in the form of Lewy bodies …

Neurodegenerative diseases are a common cause of morbidity and cognitive impairment in
older adults. Most clinicians who care for the elderly are not trained to diagnose these …

Pathological alterations to the locus coeruleus, the major source of noradrenaline in the
brain, are histologically evident in early stages of neurodegenerative diseases. Novel MRI …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a powerful tool to probe in vivo brain circuits, as it
allows to assess several cortical properties such as excitability, plasticity and connectivity in …

Multiple-system atrophy is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive
autonomic failure, parkinsonism, and cerebellar and pyramidal tract symptoms. Glial …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an orphan, fatal, adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder of
uncertain etiology that is clinically characterized by various combinations of parkinsonism …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) may be difficult to distinguish clinically from other disorders,
particularly in the early stages of the disease. An autonomic-only presentation can be …

Multiple system atrophy is a sporadic alpha-synucleinopathy that typically affects patients in
their sixth decade of life and beyond. The defining clinical features of the disease include …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a devastating and fatal neurodegenerative disorder. The
clinical presentation of this disease is highly variable, with parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia …