Structural insights into nuclear transcription by eukaryotic DNA-dependent RNA polymerases

M Girbig, AD Misiaszek, CW Müller - Nature Reviews Molecular Cell …, 2022 - nature.com
The eukaryotic transcription apparatus synthesizes a staggering diversity of RNA molecules.
The labour of nuclear gene transcription is, therefore, divided among multiple DNA …

Transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair and the transcriptional response to UV-induced DNA damage

N Nieto Moreno, AM Olthof… - Annual Review of …, 2023 - annualreviews.org
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and other genotoxic stresses induce bulky DNA lesions, which
threaten genome stability and cell viability. Cells have evolved two main repair pathways to …

R loops: new modulators of genome dynamics and function

JM Santos-Pereira, A Aguilera - Nature Reviews Genetics, 2015 - nature.com
R loops are nucleic acid structures composed of an RNA–DNA hybrid and a displaced
single-stranded DNA. Recently, evidence has emerged that R loops occur more often in the …

Transcriptional termination in mammals: Stopping the RNA polymerase II juggernaut

NJ Proudfoot - Science, 2016 - science.org
BACKGROUND Genes correspond to single transcription units, starting from the promoter
and ending at the terminator. Terminating gene transcription is directly coupled to mRNA …

[PDF][PDF] Knowing when to stop: transcription termination on protein-coding genes by eukaryotic RNAPII

JB Rodríguez-Molina, S West, LA Passmore - Molecular cell, 2023 - cell.com
Gene expression is controlled in a dynamic and regulated manner to allow for the consistent
and steady expression of some proteins as well as the rapidly changing production of other …

Transcription termination and the control of the transcriptome: why, where and how to stop

O Porrua, D Libri - Nature reviews Molecular cell biology, 2015 - nature.com
Transcription termination occurs when the polymerase is released after a transcription event,
thus delimitating transcription units; however, the functional importance of termination …

Small nucleolar RNAs tell a different tale

J Kufel, P Grzechnik - Trends in Genetics, 2019 - cell.com
Transcribing RNA Polymerase II interacts with multiple factors that orchestrate maturation
and stabilisation of messenger RNA. For the majority of noncoding RNAs, the polymerase …

[PDF][PDF] Effects of transcription elongation rate and Xrn2 exonuclease activity on RNA polymerase II termination suggest widespread kinetic competition

N Fong, K Brannan, B Erickson, H Kim, MA Cortazar… - Molecular cell, 2015 - cell.com
The torpedo model of transcription termination asserts that the exonuclease Xrn2 attacks the
5′ PO 4-end exposed by nascent RNA cleavage and chases down the RNA polymerase …

[PDF][PDF] Dealing with pervasive transcription

TH Jensen, A Jacquier, D Libri - Molecular cell, 2013 - cell.com
Eukaryotic genomes are pervasively transcribed. However, it is unclear how many newly
found RNAs have functions and how many are byproducts of functional, or spurious …

[PDF][PDF] Directed RNase H cleavage of nascent transcripts causes transcription termination

F Lai, SS Damle, KK Ling, F Rigo - Molecular cell, 2020 - cell.com
An attractive approach to reduce gene expression is via the use of antisense
oligonucleotides (ASOs) that harness the RNase H1 mechanism. Here we show that RNase …