Phytoestrogens are literally estrogenic substances of plant origin. Although these
substances are useful for plants in many aspects, their estrogenic properties are essentially …

Sex-based differences in human disease are caused in part by the levels of endogenous
sex steroid hormones which regulate mitochondrial metabolism. This review updates a …

Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) is closely related to breast cancer (BC) progression. Traditional
concepts regard ERβ as a tumor suppressor. As studies show the carcinogenic effect of …

Background The androgen receptor (AR) is the classical target for prostate cancer
prevention and treatment, but more recently estrogens and their receptors have also been …

Abstract Aromatase (estrogen synthetase; EC 1.14. 14.1) catalyzes the demethylation of
androgens' carbon 19, producing phenolic 18-carbon estrogens. Aromatase is most widely …

Cholesterol is a ubiquitous sterol with many biological functions, which are crucial for proper
cellular signaling and physiology. Indeed, cholesterol is essential in maintaining membrane …

Upon binding their cognate receptors, ERα (ESR1) and ERβ (ESR2), estrogens activate
intracellular signaling cascades that have important consequences for cellular behavior …

Introduction: There is a limited array of currently available medicinals that are useful for
either the prevention, mitigation or treatment of bodily injuries arising from ionizing radiation …

Estrogen Receptor-β (ERβ) has been implicated in many cancers. In prostate and breast
cancer its function is controversial, but genetic studies implicate a role in cancer …

A major issue in clinical endocrinology today is how to use hormones to achieve the health
benefits that they clearly can provide but avoid the negative side effects, that is, how to …