Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), microbe-associated molecular patterns
(MAMPs), herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs), and damage-associated …

Xanthomonas spp. encompass a wide range of plant pathogens that use numerous
virulence factors for pathogenicity and fitness in plant hosts. In this Review, we examine …

Pathogen-or microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/MAMPs) are detected as
nonself by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and activate pattern-triggered immunity …

Plants are sessile organisms that are under constant attack from microbes. They rely on both
preformed defenses, and their innate immune system to ward of the microbial pathogens …

Typically, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are considered to be conserved
throughout classes of microbes and to contribute to general microbial fitness, whereas …

Plants and microbes interact with each other via different chemical signaling pathways. At
the risophere level, the microbes can secrete molecules, called elicitors, which act on their …

Microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) are molecular signatures typical of whole
classes of microbes, and their recognition plays a key role in innate immunity. Endogenous …

Microorganisms are found everywhere, and they are closely associated with plants.
Because the establishment of any plant–microbe association involves chemical …

Recognition of microbial patterns by host pattern recognition receptors is a key step in
immune activation in multicellular eukaryotes. Peptidoglycans (PGNs) are major …

Plant cell walls are complex, dynamic cellular structures essential for plant growth,
development, physiology and adaptation. Plant Cell Walls provides an in depth and diverse …