The excessive demand for fossil fuels has caused severe environmental impacts, such as
GHG-related effects and widespread pollution. Firstly, it is essential to identify the main …

As a highly efficient and environmentally friendly biocatalyst, immobilized lipase has
received incredible interest among the biotechnology community for the production of …

With industrialization and development in modern science enzymes and their applications
increased widely. There is always a hunt for new proficient enzymes with novel properties to …

Extremophilic microorganisms have established a diversity of molecular strategies in order
to survive in extreme conditions. Biocatalysts isolated by these organisms are termed …

Enzymes are natural catalysts highly specific to the substrate type and operate under mild
conditions of temperature, pressure, and pH with high conversion rates, which makes them …

Immobilized enzymes have received incredible interests in industry, pharmaceuticals,
chemistry and biochemistry sectors due to their various advantages such as ease of …

In the last decade, attention to extreme environments has increased because of interests to
isolate previously unknown extremophilic microorganisms in pure culture and to profile their …

The biorefining technology for biofuels and chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass has
made great progress in the world. However, mobilization of laboratory research toward …

A reliance on fossil fuel has led to the increased emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The
excessive consumption of raw materials today makes the search for sustainable resources …

The deep sea, which is defined as sea water below a depth of 1000 m, is one of the largest
biomes on the Earth, and is recognised as an extreme environment due to its range of …