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Background Microbiological confirmation of childhood tuberculosis is rare because of the
difficulty of collection of specimens, low sensitivity of smear microscopy, and poor access to …

Background BCG vaccination provides incomplete protection against tuberculosis in infants.
A new vaccine, modified Vaccinia Ankara virus expressing antigen 85A (MVA85A), was …

Consensus case definitions for childhood tuberculosis have been proposed by an
international expert panel, aiming to standardize the reporting of cases in research focusing …

Background Vitamin D metabolites support innate immune responses to Mycobacterium
tuberculosis. Data from phase 3, randomized, controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation …

Background Improved diagnostic tests for tuberculosis in children are needed. We
hypothesized that transcriptional signatures of host blood could be used to distinguish …

Executive summary Globally, one third of all tuberculosis (TB) cases are not notified, and
many patients' samples do not undergo drug-susceptibility testing (DST). To achieve the …

Background Every year, an estimated one million children and young adolescents become
ill with tuberculosis, and around 226,000 of those children die. Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert …

Tuberculosis is still one of the most important causes of death worldwide. The 2010 Lancet
tuberculosis series provided a comprehensive overview of global control efforts and …

Tuberculosis in the TB endemic countries commonly manifests in the eye as tuberculous
uveitis. There is a wide spectrum of the clinical manifestations of intraocular tuberculosis …