Aim Robust evidence suggests that depression, and risk for depression, are associated with
the generation of stressful life events. This tendency to generate stress may be genetically …

Background Infective endocarditis is a microbial infection of the endocardial surface of the
heart. Antibiotics are the cornerstone of treatment, but due to the differences in presentation …

Objectives: Summarize the etiology of infective endocarditis. Review the appropriate
evaluation skills required to assess suspected cases of infective endocarditis. Explain the …

Background Persons who inject drugs and require surgery for infective endocarditis have 2
potentially lethal diseases. Current postoperative rehabilitation efforts seem ineffective in …

Since its first documented case in 1646, the epidemiology of endocarditis has significantly
evolved. In the modern era, endocarditis has been increasingly associated with invasive …

Background Infective endocarditis (IE) has increased in rural states such as West Virginia
(WV) with high injection drug use. IE is medically managed with antimicrobial treatment …

Background: Persons who use drugs (PWUD) are facing an epidemic during the global
COVID-19 pandemic. In recent months, many medical institutions have released guidance …

US cardiac surgeons encounter complex decision-making when treating patients with
injection drug use-associated infective endocarditis (IDU-IE). We evaluated surgeons' …

Background The incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) and other systemic bacterial
infections is increasing, and people who inject drugs (PWID) have higher rates of discharge …

Background: Infective endocarditis in the setting of injection drug use (IDU-IE) can be
managed medically and surgically, but the greatest risk to short-term survival are …