Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has enabled magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
of tissue magnetic susceptibility to advance from simple qualitative detection of hypointense …

Chronic active lesions (CAL) are an important manifestation of chronic inflammation in
multiple sclerosis (MS) and have implications for non-relapsing biological progression. In …

Importance In multiple sclerosis (MS), chronic active lesions, which previously could only be
detected at autopsy, can now be identified on susceptibility-based magnetic resonance …

Recent data suggest that multiple sclerosis white matter lesions surrounded by a rim of iron
containing microglia, termed iron rim lesions, signify patients with more severe disease …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a highly heterogeneous disease with large inter-individual
differences in disease course. MS lesion pathology shows considerable heterogeneity in …

Objectives Neuropathological studies have shown that multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions are
heterogeneous in terms of myelin/axon damage and repair as well as iron content. However …

Chronic active multiple sclerosis lesions, characterized by a hyperintense rim of iron-
enriched, activated microglia and macrophages, have been linked to greater tissue damage …

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers for chronic active lesions in MS
include slowly expanding lesions (SELs) and paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs). Objectives …

Background and Objective To explore the relationship between slowly expanding lesions
(SELs) on MRI and disability in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Methods …

Activation of innate immune cells and other compartmentalized inflammatory cells in the
brains and spinal cords of people with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and …