Somatic mutations in cancer cells can generate tumour-specific neoepitopes, which are
recognized by autologous T cells in the host. As neoepitopes are not subject to central …

Recent advances in immune checkpoint blockade therapy have revolutionized the treatment
of cancer. Tumor-specific antigens that are generated by somatic mutation, neoantigens, can …

Neoantigens, which are derived from tumour-specific protein-coding mutations, are exempt
from central tolerance, can generate robust immune responses, and can function as bona …

Effective anti-tumour immunity in humans has been associated with the presence of T cells
directed at cancer neoantigens, a class of HLA-bound peptides that arise from tumour …

Personal neoantigen vaccines have been envisioned as an effective approach to induce,
amplify and diversify antitumor T cell responses. To define the long-term effects of such a …

Current organoid models are limited by their inability to mimic mature organ architecture and
associated tissue microenvironments,. Here we create multilayer bladder 'assembloids' by …

Genome sequencing has revealed a large number of shared and personal somatic
mutations across human cancers. In principle, any genetic alteration affecting a protein …

Neoantigens are antigens encoded by tumor-specific mutated genes. Studies in the past few
years have suggested a key role for neoantigens in cancer immunotherapy. Here we review …

Despite years of preclinical efforts and hundreds of clinical studies, therapeutic cancer
vaccines with the routine ability to limit or eliminate tumor growth in humans have been …

The resurgence of immune therapies in cancer medicine has elicited a corresponding
interest in understanding the basis of patient response or resistance to these treatments …