Recent global temperature reconstructions for the current interglacial period (the Holocene,
beginning 11,700 years ago) have generated contrasting trends. This Review examines …

Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) are impressive fluid dynamical events in which
large and rapid temperature increases in the winter polar stratosphere (∼ 10–50 km) are …

We present the final Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) quasar catalog from Data
Release 16 of the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS). This catalog …

Here is the monumental retelling of one of the most consequential chapters of human
history: the fall of the Roman Empire. The Fate of Rome is the first book to examine the …

This chapter assesses the causes of observed changes assessed in Chapters 2 to 5 and
uses understanding of physical processes, climate models and statistical approaches. The …

A powerful influence on the weather that we experience on the ground can be exerted by the
stratosphere. This highly stratified layer of Earth's atmosphere is found 10 to 50 kilometres …

This chapter assesses the scientific literature describing expectations for near-term climate
(present through mid-century). Unless otherwise stated," near-term" change and the …

Detection and attribution (D&A) simulations were important components of CMIP5 and
underpinned the climate change detection and attribution assessments of the Fifth …

The spatial context is critical when assessing present-day climate anomalies, attributing
them to potential forcings and making statements regarding their frequency and severity in a …

The present interglacial, the Holocene, spans the period of the last 11,700 years. It has
sustained the growth and development of modern society. The millennial-scale decreasing …