Life-history traits or “fitness components”—such as age and size at maturity, fecundity and
fertility, age-specific rates of survival, and life span—are the major phenotypic determinants …

Populations must adapt to environmental changes to remain viable. Both evolution and
phenotypic plasticity contribute to adaptation, with plasticity possibly being more important …

Clines in chromosomal inversion polymorphisms—presumably driven by climatic gradients—
are common but there is surprisingly little evidence for selection acting on them. Here we …

Populations arrayed along broad latitudinal gradients often show patterns of clinal variation
in phenotype and genotype. Such population differentiation can be generated and …

Finding the specific nucleotides that underlie adaptive variation is a major goal in
evolutionary biology, but polygenic traits pose a challenge because the complex genotype …

Local adaptation and sexual dimorphism are iconic evolutionary scenarios of intraspecific
adaptive differentiation in the face of gene flow. Although theory has traditionally considered …

Clines in life history traits, presumably driven by spatially varying selection, are widespread.
Major latitudinal clines have been observed, for example, in Drosophila melanogaster, an …

BACKGROUND Heatwaves are increasing in frequency and there is growing interest in their
impact on pest organisms. Previous work indicates that effects depend on the timing of the …

Long-lived mutants of model organisms have brought remarkable progress in our
understanding of aging mechanisms. However, long-lived mutants are usually maintained in …

Life‐history traits from four geographical populations (tropical Ledong population [LD],
subtropical Guangzhou [GZ] and Yongxiu populations, and temperate Langfang population …