Plants develop unorganized cell masses like callus and tumors in response to various biotic
and abiotic stimuli. Since the historical discovery that the combination of two growth …

The cell wall is a complex structure mainly composed by a cellulose–hemicellulose network
embedded in a cohesive pectin matrix. Pectin is synthesized in a highly methyl esterified …

Complex defense signaling pathways, controlled by different hormones, are involved in the
reaction of plants to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stress factors. We studied the ability of …

Abstract Background Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an economically important
vegetable crop species. However, it is susceptible to various abiotic and biotic stresses …

Plant-parasitic nematodes are destructive pests causing losses of billions of dollars
annually. An effective plant defence against pathogens relies on the recognition of pathogen …

Most plant-parasitic nematodes are obligate biotrophs feeding on the roots of their hosts.
Whereas ectoparasites remain on the root surface and feed on the outer cell layers …

Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes are root parasites that interact with their hosts in a
remarkable way. These obligate biotrophic pathogens establish an intimate relationship with …

Light activates proton (H+)‐ATPases in guard cells, to drive hyperpolarization of the plasma
membrane to initiate stomatal opening, allowing diffusion of ambient CO2 to photosynthetic …

Summary Root‐knot nematodes (RKNs, Meloidogyne incognita) are economically important
endoparasites with a wide host range. We used a comprehensive transcriptomic approach …

Root-knot nematodes (RKN) are obligate biotrophic parasites that settle close to the
vascular tissues in roots, where they induce the differentiation of specialized feeding cells …