Sanctions are a tool used by political actors to induce foreign countries, firms or individuals
to alter their behavior. As nonmilitary coercive measure, they have the potential to disrupt the …

This paper investigates the effect of economic sanctions on employment. We exploit the
imposition of a series of unexpected and unprecedented international economic sanctions …

The ongoing war in Ukraine and rising geopolitical tensions between Russia and western
countries have led several European countries to increase defense spending to historic …

This paper examines the impact of coalitions on the economic costs of the 2012 Iran and
2014 Russia sanctions. By estimating and simulating a quantitative general equilibrium …

This paper documents a substantial change in regional trade patterns precipitated by the
war on Ukraine and the subsequent introduction of trade sanctions on Russia. It provides …

The purpose of this paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of monetization as a priority
of the new monetary growth of the economies using the example of the Russian economy …

Abstract Technical Barriers to Trade (TBTs) present a major challenge to exporters and
policymakers. Prior studies have shown that TBTs induce the exit of exporters, but little is …

We study the impact of economic sanctions on international trade in the mining sector. We
demonstrate that the gravity equation is well‐suited to model bilateral trade costs in mining …

What is the most cost-efficient way to impose trade sanctions against Russia? We build a
quantitative model of international trade with input–output connections. Sanctioning …

Motivated by the claim that China and Russia purposefully and systematically undermine
Western sanction efforts, we study the effects of US and EU sanctions on trade flows …