The use of enzymes or microorganisms in food preparations is an age-old process. With the
advancement of technology, novel enzymes with wide range of applications and specificity …

Biological pretreatment (BP) is a promising approach for treating microalgae and
lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) during biofuels production that uses mostly fungal and …

The issues of global warming, coupled with fossil fuel depletion, have undoubtedly led to
renewed interest in other sources of commercial fuels. The search for renewable fuels has …

The global rise in urbanization and industrial activity has led to the production and
incorporation of foreign contaminant molecules into ecosystems, distorting them and …

Lignin forms a large part of plant biomass. It is a highly heterogeneous polymer of 4-
hydroxyphenylpropanoid units and is embedded within polysaccharide polymers forming …

Lignin is one of the most abundant renewable resources on earth and is readily produced as
a sidestream during biomass fractioning. So far, these large quantities of lignin have been …

Highlights•Biological lignocellulose deconstruction mechanisms are diverse.•They are
widely but sparsely dispersed across the Tree of Life.•Some mechanisms operate at physico …

The complex interlacing structure among cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin and the unique
properties of lignin itself limit the value-added utilization of the lignin. As the “upstream” …

Lignin represents an untapped resource in lignocellulosic biomass, primarily due to its
recalcitrance to depolymerization and its intrinsic heterogeneity. In Nature, microorganisms …

Lignin, an aromatic polymer found in plants, has been studied for years in many biological
fields. Initially, when biofuel was produced from lignocellulosic biomass, lignin was regarded …