Increasing evidence corroborates the fundamental role of neuroinflammation in the
development of epilepsy. Proinflammatory cytokines (PICs) are crucial contributors to the …

Growing evidence suggests that a major physiological function of the cannabinoid signaling
system is to modulate neuroinflammation. This review discusses the anti‐inflammatory …

Oral Conditions and Pregnancy (OCAP) is a 5‐year prospective study of pregnant women
designed to determine whether maternal periodontal disease contributes to the risk for …

OBJECTIVE: To test the effects of maternal periodontal disease treatment on the incidence
of preterm birth (delivery before 37 weeks of gestation). METHODS: The Maternal Oral …

Proinflammatory cytokines, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin
(IL)-6, have multiple effects in the central nervous system (CNS) not strictly cytotoxic being …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the principal cause of autoimmune neuroinflammation in humans,
and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), is widely used to …

It is well established that inflammatory changes contribute to brain ageing, and an increased
concentration of proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), has been reported in the …

Neuroinfections of the central nervous system (CNS) can be triggered by various pathogens.
Viruses are the most widespread and have the potential to induce long-term neurologic …

During activation in vivo, naive CD4+ T cells are exposed to various endogenous ligands,
such as cytokines and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE). To determine whether NE …

Background Tissue-resident antigen-presenting cells (APC) exert a major influence on the
local immune environment. Microglia are resident myeloid cells in the central nervous …