Active fluids exhibit spontaneous flows with complex spatiotemporal structure, which have
been observed in bacterial suspensions, sperm cells, cytoskeletal suspensions, self …

Bacteria are among the oldest and most abundant species on Earth. Bacteria successfully
colonize diverse habitats and play a significant role in the oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen …

Liquid crystals (LCs) are ubiquitous in display technologies. The orientational ordering in the
nematic phase of LCs gives rise to structural anisotropy, the ability to form topological …

We formulate the statistical dynamics of topological defects in the active nematic phase,
formed in two dimensions by a collection of self-driven particles on a substrate. An important …

Active matter exhibits remarkable collective behaviour in which flows, continuously
generated by active particles, are intertwined with the orientational order of these particles …

Much like passive materials, active systems can be affected by the presence of imperfections
in their microscopic order, called defects, that influence macroscopic properties. This …

Active nematics contain topological defects that (under sufficient activity) move, create, and
annihilate in a chaotic quasi-steady state, called active turbulence. However, understanding …

As the constituent particles of a flock are polar and in a driven state, their interactions must,
in general, be fore-aft asymmetric and nonreciprocal. Within a model that explicitly retains …

Active nematics are a class of far-from-equilibrium materials characterized by local
orientational order of force-generating, anisotropic constitutes. Traditional methods for …

Active nematics can be modeled using phenomenological continuum theories that account
for the dynamics of the nematic director and fluid velocity through partial differential …