Venous malformations (VMs) are congenital vascular malformations. They are very often
misnamed and thus incorrectly managed. The aim of the present paper is to provide the …

Vascular malformations of the bone most often involve the cranio-facial area. Even in
relevant peer reviewed journals, venous malformations are often misdiagnosed as …

Introduction High-flow arteriovenous malformations (HF-AVMs) are congenital vascular
malformations. Typical localizations include the face, oral cavity, and extremities. Due to the …

Intraosseous venous malformations represent a subtype of venous vascular malformations
that arise primarily in bone. In the head and neck, intraosseous venous malformations are …

Intra-mandibular arteriovenous malformations (IM-AVM) are rare congenital lesions sadly
known by the appearance of cataclysmic haemorrhages. It represents a therapeutic …

Vascular anomalies have been historically poorly understood and the terminology used to
describe them confusing and ambiguous. The descriptive terminology used in the past (port …

Objective The purpose is to determine the comprehensive review and the current concepts
on the management of vascular malformation and to evaluate the long term outcomes …

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are high-flow vascular malformations characterised by
a complex vessel network directly connecting feeding arteries and draining veins, typically …

Intraosseous venous malformations affecting the zygomatic bone are infrequent. Primary
reconstruction is usually accomplished with calvarial grafts, although the use of virtual …

Objectives: Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are the most troublesome vascular
malformations to deal with. They tend to behave like low-grade malignancies with infiltrative …