Cancer cells originate from a series of acquired genetic mutations that can drive their
uncontrolled cell proliferation and immune evasion. Environmental factors, including the …

Our ancestral diet consisted of much more nondigestible fiber than that of many societies
today. Thus, from an evolutionary perspective the human genome and its physiological and …

Dietary fibre has long been established as a nutritionally important, health-promoting food
ingredient. Modern dietary practices have seen a significant reduction in fibre consumption …

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), one of the most common metabolic disorders, is caused
by a combination of two primary factors: defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and …

Starch is an essential source of energy for the human diet. Resistant starch is the portion of
starch that is not digested in the small intestine and is fermented in the colon by …

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and CD4+ T cells produce IL-22, which is critical for intestinal
immunity. The microbiota is central to IL-22 production in the intestines; however, the factors …

Gut microbiota includes a vast collection of microorganisms residing within the
gastrointestinal tract. It is broadly recognized that the gut and brain are in constant …

The gut microbiota encompasses a diverse community of bacteria that carry out various
functions influencing the overall health of the host. These comprise nutrient metabolism …

A substantial body of evidence supports that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the
regulation of metabolic, endocrine and immune functions. In recent years, there has been …

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are carboxylic acids with carbon atom numbers less than 6,
which are important metabolites of gut microbiome. Existing research shows that SCFAs …