Upon receipt in the dorsal horn (DH) of the spinal cord, nociceptive (pain-signalling)
information from the viscera, skin and other organs is subject to extensive processing by a …

Despite the progress that has occurred in recent years in the development of therapy, there
is still a need for effective and potent analgesics, especially for the treatment of chronic pain …

The advance in our understanding of the biogenesis of various endogenous opioid
peptides, their anatomical distribution, and the characteristics of the multiple receptors with …

Endomorphin-1 (Tyr-Pro-Trp-Phe-NH2) and endomorphin-2 (Tyr-Pro-Phe-Phe-NH2) are two
endogenous opioid peptides with high affinity and remarkable selectivity for the μ-opioid …

The tetrapeptide DALDA (H-Tyr-d-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2) is a polar and selective μ agonist
showing poor penetration of the placental and blood–brain barriers. In an effort to enhance …

This work was designed to elucidate the possible involvement of endogenous endomorphin-
l (EM1) in analgesia induced by electroacupuncture of low or high frequencies. Taking …

The recently isolated peptides endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 have been suggested to
be the endogenous ligands for the mu receptor. In traditional opioid receptor binding assays …

Endogenous, descending noradrenergic fibers impose analgesic control over spinal afferent
circuitry mediating the rostrad transmission of pain signals. These fibers target alpha 2 …

Two highly selective μ-opioid receptor agonists, endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2, have
been identified and postulated to be endogenous μ-opioid receptor ligands. We determined …

Opiates lack potent analgesic efficacy in neuropathic pain although it is now generally
accepted that the poor effect of these drugs reflects a reduction in their potency. Reduction of …