This paper presents a review of highway-based evacuation modeling and simulation and its
evolution over the past decade. The review includes the major components of roadway …

Several traffic modeling tools are currently available for evacuation planning and real-time
decision support during emergencies. This paper reviews potential traffic-modeling …

Natural disasters pose serious threats to large urban areas, therefore understanding and
predicting human movements is critical for evaluating a population's vulnerability and …

Recently, wildfires have created severe challenges for fire and emergency services and
communities in the wildland-urban interface (WUI). To reduce wildfire risk and enhance the …

Between 2017 and 2019, California experienced a series of devastating wildfires that
together led over one million people to be ordered to evacuate. Due to the speed of many of …

Wildfire evacuation triggers refer to prominent geographic features used in wildfire
evacuation practices, and when a fire crosses a feature, an evacuation warning is issued to …

Extreme wildfire events are fires that move too fast or erratically for adequate evacuation or
notification. Modeling evacuations from these wildfires is markedly different than modeling …

No-notice wildfires pose a serious threat to the safety of residents, where the notification time
and departure time may all be within a matter of minutes. Here, we examine the factors …

Understanding residents' intended evacuation behaviors is an increasingly important
component of managing complex wildfire events in the United States and elsewhere …

Fire evacuations at wildland-urban interfaces (WUI) pose a serious challenge to the
emergency services, and are a global issue affecting thousands of communities around the …