The anatomy and functions of muscle–tendon complexes and their bony attachments in
birds and their outgroups show how the major pelvic limb muscle groups evolved. Fossils …

In early 2016, we had the opportunity to test a pair of sprawling posture robots, one
designed to mimic a crocodile and another designed to mimic a monitor lizard, along the …

Reconstructing the locomotion of extinct vertebrates offers insights into their palaeobiology
and helps to conceptualize major transitions in vertebrate evolution 1, 2, 3, 4. However …

The water-to-land transition in vertebrate evolution offers an unusual opportunity to consider
computational affordances of a new ecology for the brain. All sensory modalities are …

The origin of tetrapods and the transition from swimming to walking was a pivotal step in the
evolution and diversification of terrestrial vertebrates. During this time, modifications of the …

Substantial differences in pelvic osteology and soft tissues separate crown group
crocodylians (Crocodylia) and birds (Neornithes). A phylogenetic perspective including …

Femoral osteology and soft tissues evolved in a stepwise pattern in archosauromorph
reptiles on the line to crown group birds. Crocodylia retains most ancestral archosaurian …

The evolution of mammals from their extinct forerunners, the non-mammalian synapsids, is
one of the most iconic locomotor transitions in the vertebrate fossil record. In the limb …

Living crocodilians (Crocodylia) and birds (Neornithes) differ in many aspects of hindlimb
anatomy and locomotor function. How did this disparity evolve? We integrate information …

The musculoskeletal anatomy of the crocodylian forelimb is documented to facilitate
functional morphological studies of extant and extinct archosaurs. Comparative descriptions …