Tryptophan is an essential amino acid from dietary proteins. It can be metabolized into
different metabolites in both the gut microbiota and tissue cells. Tryptophan metabolites such …

Some recent clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is a key
factor that interacts with the three neurobiological correlates of major depressive disorder …

Abstract l-Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP) is involved in
the regulation of immunity, neuronal function and intestinal homeostasis. Imbalances in Trp …

BACKGROUND The essential amino acid tryptophan is a substrate for the generation of
several bioactive compounds with important physiological roles. Only a small fraction of …

Recent advances highlight a pivotal role for cellular metabolism in programming immune
responses. Here, we demonstrate that cell-autonomous generation of nicotinamide adenine …

Niacin (also known as “vitamin B3” or “vitamin PP”) includes two vitamers (nicotinic acid and
nicotinamide) giving rise to the coenzymatic forms nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) …

Nanoplastics are being detected with increasing frequency in aquatic environments.
Although evidence suggests that nanoplastics can cause overt toxicity to biota across …

A fundamental shift in neuroscience suggests bidirectional interaction of gut microbiota with
the healthy and dysfunctional brain. This microbiota-gut-brain axis has mainly been …

Existing explanations of obesity-associated cancer emphasise direct mutagenic effects of
dietary components or hormonal imbalance. Some of these hypotheses are reviewed briefly …

In recent years, gut microbiota has become a hot topic because of its important role in health
and diseases. Gut microbiota can produce a series of metabolites such as short chain fatty …