The widely successful use of synthetic herbicides over the past 70 years has imposed strong
and widespread selection pressure, leading to the evolution of herbicide resistance in …

Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are the largest enzyme family involved in NADPH-and/or O2-
dependent hydroxylation reactions across all the domains of life. In plants and animals …

Pesticides make indispensable contributions to agricultural productivity. However, the
residues after their excessive use may be harmful to crop production, food safety and human …

Weedy plant species that have evolved resistance to herbicides due to enhanced metabolic
capacity to detoxify herbicides (metabolic resistance) are a major issue. Metabolic herbicide …

Cytochrome P450s (P450s) have been at the center of herbicide metabolism research as a
result of their ability to endow selectivity in crops and resistance in weeds. In the last 20 …

Long-term and excessive herbicide use has led to some environmental concerns and
especially, herbicide resistance evolution in weeds. Here, we confirmed acetolactate …

Modern herbicides make major contributions to global food production by easily removing
weeds and substituting for destructive soil cultivation. However, persistent herbicide …

Box 9E. 1 Continued FIGURE 2. The C–S–R triangle model (Grime 1979). The strategies at
the three corners are C, competiti-winning species; S, stress-tolerating s-cies; R …

With no major new site-of-action herbicide introduced into the marketplace in the last 20
years, the stagnation or decline in available herbicides in the past decade in a number of …

Cytochrome P450 proteins, named for the absorption band at 450 nm of their carbon-
monoxide-bound form, are one of the largest superfamilies of enzyme proteins. The P450 …