Objectives: To review the current literature and develop consensus conclusions and
recommendations on nutrient intakes and nutritional practice in preterm infants with …

Extremely preterm babies are at increased risk of less than optimal neurodevelopment
compared with their term-born counterparts. Optimising nutrition is a promising avenue to …

Background Whether higher parenteral amino acid intake improves outcomes in infants with
extremely low birth weight is unclear. Methods In this multicenter, parallel-group, double …

Background Equipoise exists regarding the benefits of restricting caloric intake during
electrolyte replacement for refeeding syndrome, with half of intensive care specialists …

1. Methods Literature search timeframe: Publications published after the previous guidelines
[1](ie, from 2004eDecember 2014), were considered. Some studies published in 2015 or …

Objectives: The nutritional management of critically ill term neonates and preterm infants
varies widely, and controversies exist in regard to when to initiate nutrition, mode of feeding …

Background Parenteral nutrition (PN) is prescribed for preterm infants until nutrition needs
are met via the enteral route, but unanswered questions remain regarding PN best practices …

Refeeding syndrome (RFS) broadly encompasses a severe electrolyte disturbance
(principally low serum concentrations of intracellular ions such as phosphate, magnesium …

1. Methods The aim of the current revision is to update the previous chapter [1] on basis of
the scientific evidence published since 2004. The work of the authors who wrote the …

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of early parenteral lipid and high-dose amino
acid (AA) administration from birth onwards in very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight< …