The defining feature of the Gram-negative cell envelope is the presence of two cellular
membranes, with the specialized glycolipid lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exclusively found on …

Lipopolysaccharide molecules represent a unique family of glycolipids based on a highly
conserved lipid moiety known as lipid A. These molecules are produced by most gram …

Polymyxin antibiotics are increasingly being used as last-line therapeutic options against a
number of multidrug resistant bacteria. These antibiotics show strong bactericidal activity …

The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is essential for their survival in harsh
environments and provides intrinsic resistance to many antibiotics. This membrane is …

The polymyxin and lipopeptide classes of antibiotics are membrane-targeting drugs of last
resort used to treat infections caused by multi-drug-resistant pathogens. Despite similar …

In many Gram‐negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its lipid A moiety are pivotal
for bacterial survival. Depending on its structure, lipid A carries the toxic properties of the …

Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic pathogen particularly dangerous for cystic
fibrosis (CF) patients. It can cause a severe decline in CF lung function possibly developing …

The ability of gram-negative bacteria to resist killing by antimicrobial agents and to avoid
detection by host immune systems often entails modification to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) …

Despite the undisputed development of medicine, antibiotics still serve as first-choice drugs
for patients with infectious disorders. The widespread use of antibiotics results from a wide …

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the second most common cause of death due to a single
infectious agent. The cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent …