Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a pivotal role in
the dynamic cell signaling systems in plants, even under biotic and abiotic stress conditions …

Xanthomonas spp. encompass a wide range of plant pathogens that use numerous
virulence factors for pathogenicity and fitness in plant hosts. In this Review, we examine …

Hypersensitive response (HR) cell death is the most effective plant immune response
restricting fungal pathogen invasion. Here, we report that incompatible rice (Oryza sativa) …

Microbial pathogens have evolved protein effectors to promote virulence and cause disease
in host plants. Pathogen effectors delivered into plant cells suppress plant immune …

Plant pathogenic bacteria deliver effectors into plant cells to suppress immunity and promote
pathogen survival; however, these effectors can be recognized by plant disease resistance …

The plant immune system is constituted of two functionally interdependent branches that
provide the plant with an effective defense against microbial pathogens. They can be …

To successfully colonize the plants, the pathogenic microbes secrete a mass of effector
proteins which manipulate host immunity. Apple valsa canker is a destructive disease …

Protein acetylation and deacetylation catalysed by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and
deacetylases (KDACs), respectively, are major mechanisms regulating various cellular …

Iron-and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent ferroptosis occurs in plant cells. Ca2+
acts as a conserved key mediator to control plant immune responses. Here, we report a …

Southern rice black‐streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV; Fijivirus, Reoviridae) has become a
threat to cereal production in East Asia in recent years. Our previous cytopathologic studies …