Skin color diversity is the most variable and noticeable phenotypic trait in humans resulting
from constitutive pigmentation variability. This paper will review the characterization of skin …

Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer that develops from
transformed melanocytes. It is crucial to identify melanoma at its early stages, in situ, as it is …

Melanosomes are organelles that produce and store melanin, a widespread biological
pigment with a unique suite of properties including high refractive index, semiconducting …

Human skin is repeatedly exposed to UVR that influences the function and survival of many
cell types and is regarded as the main causative factor in the induction of skin cancer. It has …

Melanin is a widespread multifunctional biological pigment that has emerged as a promising
platform for applications in coating, catalysis, energy, drug delivery, and medical therapy …

Visible pigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes depends primarily on the functions of
melanocytes, a very minor population of cells that specialize in the synthesis and distribution …

“Pigmentation, which is primarily determined by the amount, the type, and the distribution of
melanin, shows a remarkable diversity in human populations, and in this sense, it is an …

Tyrosinases are widely distributed in nature. They are copper‐containing oxidases
belonging to the type 3 copper protein family, together with catechol oxidases and …

Pigment production is a unique character of melanocytes. Numerous factors are linked with
melanin production, including genetics, ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and inflammation …

Pigmentation of human skin is closely involved in protection against environmental stresses,
in particular exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It is well known that darker skin is …